On sizing machines, warp thread material is supplied from either a warp beam or several thread beams with simultaneous take-off. The warp threads may be pre-wetted with sizing liquor in a second immersion bath. The threads then pass through combs that prevent them from sticking together. The parallel threads are then dried on the sizing machine cylinders and rewound.
To produce superior quality fabric, key functions of a sizing machine ensure even sizing, perfect thread tension, and the right degree of drying. Siemens ensures these values are optimized and reproducible by means of a uniform automation concept featuring PLC, display technology, drives and switching devices.
Textile sizing is the perfect text for physical, surface, colloid, textile, materials, polymer, plastics, and fiber chemists; industrial, manufacturing, textile, fiber, and composite engineers; and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.
The old adage that sizing is the heart of weaving still holds good today. This statement is all the more important in today’s environment when loom speeds have increased tenfold from those used in shuttle looms. The weaving process depends upon a complexity of factors which include the material characteristics, the sizing ingredients, the sizing operation, and the yarn parameters.
On the whole, the aim of the textile technologist is to produce ‘‘quality’’ fabric economically and efficiently. The selection, evaluation, and performance of the warp (yarn/size system) for any specific fabric sett and the loom must be determined in the context of the developments and changes that have occurred in the spinning/winding/warping and the slashing processes.
In the past four decades, the weaving industry has been subject to inordinate competition which has primarily come from the fashion (short runs), knitting, and nonwoven segments. The weaving machinery manufacturers answered the pressure of competition by concentrating on the design of looms that offered relatively very high speeds.
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